The sentence that bears inverted commas is called direct speech
Sharuya said,” I am a brave boy.”
Here said is reporting verb
I m a brave boy- reported speech
DIRECT | INDIRECT |
This | That |
These | Those |
Here | There |
Now | Then |
Today | That day |
Tonight | That night |
Tomorrow | The next day |
Yesterday | The day before |
Last week | The previous week |
Next week | The following week |
Thus | So, in that way |
Ago | Before, earlier |
Henceforward | Thenceforward |
I | He, she |
We | They |
You | He, she,(F) him, her(L) |
My | His |
Our | Their |
Your | His/her |
Now | Then |
Did | Had |
Could | Could +have+pp |
Simple present tense | Simple past tense |
Me | Him her |
EXERCISE-1
Assertive/ Declarative/ statement sentences:
Rule
said- said
said to = told
connective = that
present tense changes to past tense
past tense changes to past perfect
universal truth remains the same means dont change into past tense
1) Ravi said, “I posted the letter”.
Ans; Ravi said that he had posted the letter
2) Mohan said to his friend, “I have bought a new bicycle”.
Ans: Mohan told his friend that he had bought a new bicycle
3) Ravi said to the class, “The English teacher will be on leave for a week”.
Ans: Ravi told the class that the English teacher would be on leave for a week
4) The Principal said, “The annual examination will begin on 5 March”.
Ans: The principal said that the annual examination would begin on 5 th March
5) “I took my lunch”, said Rajesh.
Ans: Rajesh said that he had taken his lunch.
For practice:
6) “I don’t eat meat”, my guest said.
7) The clerk said to the boy, “You have spoken a lie”.
8) The peon said to the Manager, “The visitor had been waiting for an hour to see you, Sir”.
9) The Principal said to the visitor, “The secretary will call you after an hour”.
10) The teacher said to the boys, “You may go home”.
11) “We are moving into a new house”, my neighbour said.
12) “If it rains we will have to cancel the match”, the captain said.
13) “I have been waiting for an hour”, said Ashok to his rriend.
14) All my friends tell me, “you will be a great man one day”.
15) Mother said to her daughter, “God is everywhere”.
16) The teacher said, “The earth is round”.
Ans: The teacher said that the earth is round. ( universal truth)
17) Galileo said, ” The earth moves round the sun”.
18) The teacher said to the boys, “The sun rises in the East and sets in the West”.
Step 2: Wh – / type
Rule
said= asked
said to= asked
connective= given wh word
For ex :
- Jhon said ” Why have you asked me?
Ans: Jhon askd why he had asked him - They said” When have you finished your work?
Ans: They asked when he had finished his work - The old man said” Who will help me?
Ans: The old man asked who would help him - He said to him” How long will you remain here?”
Ans: He asked him how long he would remain there. - They said to him” Who told you?
Ans: They asked him who had told him.
