Gender - Types and Rules
1] The noun that denotes a male animal is called masculine Gender
Ex : Boy, lion, tiger , sir , horse
2] The noun that denotes a female animal is called feminine gender
Ex: Girl, lioness, tigress, madam,
3] The noun that denotes either a male or a female is called common gender
Ex. Teacher, doctor, thief, cousin.
4] The noun that denotes a thing, better say, a lifeless thing that is neither male or female is called neuter gender
Ex. Table, fan, train, etc.
Rules or Features of forming the feminine of Nouns
Rule-1 By adding -ess,
| Masculine | Feminine |
| Lion | Lioness |
| Author | Authoress |
| Lion | Lioness |
| Jew | Jewess |
| Mayor | Mayoress |
| Poet | Poetess |
| Priest | Priestess |
| Hunter | Huntress |
| Emperor | Empress |
| Tiger | Tigress |
| Waiter | Waitress |
| Negro | Negress |
| Duke | duchess |
| Prince | Princess |
Rule -2 By applying entirely different word
| Masculine | Feminine |
| Stag | Hind |
| Father | Mother |
| Son | Daughter |
| Sir | Madam |
| Wizard | Witch |
| King | Queen |
| Hart | Roe |
| Horse | Mare |
| Gander | goose |
| Boy | Girl |
| Dog | Bitch |
| Drone | Bee |
| Ram | Ewe |
| Monk | Nun |
| Lord | Lady |
| Landlord | Landlady |
| Ox | Cow |
| Buck | Doe |
| Man | Woman |
| Cock | Hen |
| Earl | Countess |
| Nephew | Niece |
| Paternal | Maternal |
| Uncle | Aunt |
Rule-3 By applying a word before or after
| Landlord | landlady |
| Peacock | Peahen |
| Milkman | milk woman |
| Manservant | Maidservant |
| Grandfather | Grandmother |
| Cock sparrow | Hen sparrow |
Some important Features:
Sometimes objects are personified, it means, they are given human qualities . In that case, some objects are regarded as male or female.
Rule-1
The objects like sun, summer, time death are considered or regarded as male when they are personified.
For ex :The sun shows his power.
Rule-2
The objects like Nature, hope, charity moon, earth, autumn ship are considered feminine gender respecting their grace, beauty, etc.
For ex : 1. Nature reveals her beauty.
2. The moon shows her grace on everyone.
